{"id":2366,"date":"2023-05-04T09:56:51","date_gmt":"2023-05-04T09:56:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/?page_id=2366"},"modified":"2026-06-30T04:42:50","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T04:42:50","slug":"inertial-sensors","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/?page_id=2366","title":{"rendered":"Inertial Sensors"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2366\" class=\"elementor elementor-2366\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6c0e7e e-con-boxed e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"f6c0e7e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4624e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b4624e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.0 - 24-04-2023 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d42d869 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d42d869\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.0 - 24-04-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>MEMS Sensor Drift Suppression<\/b><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8d6cbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e8d6cbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.0 - 24-04-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>This work is supported by the European Union\u2019s European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant under the grant agreement 101116162\u20130-drift\u2013ERC-2023-STG.<\/p><p><br><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Autonomous navigation will be an indispensable part of our lives in the near future.&nbsp; Data from multiple sensors, i.e., GPS, camera, LIDAR, RADAR, and inertial sensors are fused in the navigation algorithms.&nbsp; Unlike any other modality, inertial navigation, which integrates the acceleration and rotation data to track position, is error and jamming-free if a no-drift sensor could be invented.&nbsp; MEMS sensors enable widespread cost-effective inertial navigation, but MEMS sensor drift limits position accuracy as small inherent measurement errors accumulate over time.&nbsp; Our goal is to address the MEMS sensor drift problem by integrating on-chip distributed stress sensors with the MEMS sensors.&nbsp; This advanced approach enables us to capture MEMS sensor drift at its source and calibrate the drift.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><br><\/p><p>Our research spans all areas of MEMS research:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Design of the MEMS inertial sensors; gyroscopes and accelerometers, and on-chip stress sensors<\/li>\n<li>Microfabrication of the sensors (7-14 masks)<\/li>\n<li>Design of discrete and integrated electronics (ASIC)<\/li>\n<li>Development of the control algorithms<\/li>\n<li>Sensor characterization<\/li>\n<li>Analytical modeling of the drift mechanisms<\/li>\n<li>Development of the drift-calibration algorithms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b5fd88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0b5fd88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.0 - 24-04-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"429\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/gyro-and-stress-schematic-1024x429.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2396\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/gyro-and-stress-schematic-1024x429.png 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/gyro-and-stress-schematic-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/gyro-and-stress-schematic-768x322.png 768w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/gyro-and-stress-schematic-1536x643.png 1536w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/gyro-and-stress-schematic.png 1968w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Architecture of the MEMS gyroscope with on-chip stress sensors<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f4e50a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f4e50a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Below is a picture of the overall test setup when MEMS sensor and the electronics are connected.\u00a0 The system is quite complex, consisting of front end amplifiers, multiplexers for the stress sensor reading, signal conditioning amplifiers and multiple control loops.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a30ade3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a30ade3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1841\" height=\"832\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/setup-with-gyro.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2410\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/setup-with-gyro.png 1841w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/setup-with-gyro-300x136.png 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/setup-with-gyro-1024x463.png 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/setup-with-gyro-768x347.png 768w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/setup-with-gyro-1536x694.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1841px) 100vw, 1841px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Overall test setup when MEMS and electronics are connected<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3a0c38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b3a0c38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Stress Sensors<\/b><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-822200e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"822200e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We measure stress with capacitive stress sensors that amplify the substrate strain and convert it to capacitance.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb2bd65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"eb2bd65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/stress-sensor-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2401\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/stress-sensor-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/stress-sensor-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/stress-sensor-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/stress-sensor-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/stress-sensor.png 1798w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Capacitive stress sensor, the substrate strain is amplified by the bridge and converted into capacitance<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eb9c13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8eb9c13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>What can be achieved with stress calibration?<\/b><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36f31cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36f31cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 19px;\">A 8-day long-term stability test with stress calibration shows a <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: bold; font-size: 19px;\">0.003\u00b0\/h bias instability <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px;\">with no signs of drift.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b004a1 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b004a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2084\" height=\"782\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/long-term-stability.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2737\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/long-term-stability.jpg 2084w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/long-term-stability-300x113.jpg 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/long-term-stability-1024x384.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/long-term-stability-768x288.jpg 768w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/long-term-stability-1536x576.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/long-term-stability-2048x768.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2084px) 100vw, 2084px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Long term stability test at room temperature<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3ae2e7 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"e3ae2e7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd64444 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bd64444\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>30 ppm scale factor variation over 60\u00b0C t<\/b>emperature cycling, &gt;40X improvement over the temperature calibration.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94482e2 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"94482e2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3eff6fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3eff6fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/scale-factor-1024x450.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2738\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/scale-factor-1024x450.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/scale-factor-300x132.jpg 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/scale-factor-768x338.jpg 768w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/scale-factor-1536x675.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/scale-factor.jpg 1966w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Scale factor variation over temperature<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b35b317 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"b35b317\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b13d56 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b13d56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Analytical Modeling<\/b><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1032df e-con-boxed e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"d1032df\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79b87d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79b87d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>An effective drift calibration requires a deep understanding of the drift dynamics.\u00a0 We develop analytical models that predict the gyroscope parameters, i.e., stiffness, quadrature error, and zero rate output (ZRO) with process imperfections, stress, and temperature.\u00a0 These models constitute the fundamental building block of physics-aware on-chip stress calibration which is our ultimate goal.\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>The first step is figuring out the device imperfections and finding the mode shapes of the structure.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e338ac elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0e338ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1682\" height=\"681\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/modeling_full.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2419\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/modeling_full.png 1682w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/modeling_full-300x121.png 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/modeling_full-1024x415.png 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/modeling_full-768x311.png 768w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/modeling_full-1536x622.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1682px) 100vw, 1682px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05ece0d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"05ece0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We then perform a strain interpolation using the on-chip stress sensor data.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16c7f48 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"16c7f48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1977\" height=\"1031\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/strain-interpolation.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2748\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/strain-interpolation.jpg 1977w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/strain-interpolation-300x156.jpg 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/strain-interpolation-1024x534.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/strain-interpolation-768x401.jpg 768w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/strain-interpolation-1536x801.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1977px) 100vw, 1977px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-503835c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"503835c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We can analytically predict the stress effects on the gyroscope.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1a34f5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a1a34f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1407\" height=\"622\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/stress-modeling.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2749\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/stress-modeling.jpg 1407w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/stress-modeling-300x133.jpg 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/stress-modeling-1024x453.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/stress-modeling-768x340.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1407px) 100vw, 1407px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a475105 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a475105\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Temperature effects can also be modeled by using superposition.\u00a0 We superimpose the temperature-induced slow-time-scale variations onto the nominal vibration by accounting for stress and material property changes with temperature.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a31cd01 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a31cd01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1403\" height=\"672\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temperature-modeling.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2750\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temperature-modeling.jpg 1403w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temperature-modeling-300x144.jpg 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temperature-modeling-1024x490.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temperature-modeling-768x368.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1403px) 100vw, 1403px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9d8489 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e9d8489\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>And successfully predict the gyroscope frequencies over temperature.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c000c7 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7c000c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"827\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temp-freq.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2751\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temp-freq.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temp-freq-300x121.jpg 300w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temp-freq-1024x414.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temp-freq-768x310.jpg 768w, https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/temp-freq-1536x620.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73bebeb e-con-boxed e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"73bebeb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-886a99c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"886a99c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Evolution of 2-D stress over temperature within the ring gyroscope, calculated with our strain interpolation algorithm<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd1775e e-con-boxed e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"cd1775e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d26e1c e-con-full e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"2d26e1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80ba843 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"80ba843\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;hosted&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;play_on_mobile&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.0 - 24-04-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-video .elementor-widget-container{overflow:hidden;transform:translateZ(0)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{aspect-ratio:var(--video-aspect-ratio)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{height:100%;width:100%;display:flex;border:none;background-color:#000}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1\/1){.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;padding-bottom:calc(100% \/ var(--video-aspect-ratio))}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-open-inline .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background-size:cover;background-position:50%}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{cursor:pointer;text-align:center}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay:hover .elementor-custom-embed-play i{opacity:1}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay img{display:block;width:100%}.elementor-widget-video .e-hosted-video .elementor-video{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-video,.e-con>.elementor-widget-video{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"e-hosted-video elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<video class=\"elementor-video\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Video-Project-3.mp4\" autoplay=\"\" loop=\"\" controls=\"\" playsinline=\"\" controlsList=\"nodownload\"><\/video>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20d1233 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20d1233\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The conflict strain and displacement captured by the stress sensors, which is inhomogeneous and causes unpredictable gyroscope behaviour.&nbsp; Measuring these strains enables a no-drift gyroscope.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2abc912 e-con-full e-flex e-con\" data-id=\"2abc912\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a65126 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"1a65126\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;hosted&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;play_on_mobile&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hosted-video elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<video class=\"elementor-video\" src=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Video-Project-4.mp4\" autoplay=\"\" loop=\"\" controls=\"\" playsinline=\"\" controlsList=\"nodownload\"><\/video>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5daa463 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5daa463\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Total strain and displacement (thermal expansion + conflict strain), which is mostly uniform.&nbsp; The nonuniformity of these fields is plotted on the left.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MEMS Sensor Drift Suppression This work is supported by the European Union\u2019s European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant under the grant agreement 101116162\u20130-drift\u2013ERC-2023-STG. Autonomous navigation will be an indispensable part of our lives in the near future.&nbsp; Data from multiple sensors, i.e., GPS, camera, LIDAR, RADAR, and inertial sensors are fused in the navigation algorithms.&nbsp; &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/?page_id=2366\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Inertial Sensors<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","_ti_tpc_template_sync":false,"_ti_tpc_template_id":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2366"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2366"}],"version-history":[{"count":81,"href":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2366\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2837,"href":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2366\/revisions\/2837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/micro.bilkent.edu.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2366"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}